精萘作为一种常见的化工原料，具有易挥发、刺激性强的特性，其粉尘或蒸气直接接触皮肤时，可能引发干燥、红肿、瘙痒甚至化学性灼伤等问题。在涉及精萘的生产、加工、运输等场景中，做好皮肤防护是保障健康的关键，需从接触前的预防、接触时的防护到意外接触后的处理，形成完整的防护链条。

　　As a common chemical raw material, refined naphthalene has the characteristics of being volatile and highly irritating. When its dust or vapor directly contacts the skin, it may cause dryness, redness, itching, and even chemical burns. In scenarios involving the production, processing, and transportation of refined naphthalene, effective skin protection is the key to ensuring health. It is necessary to form a complete protective chain from prevention before contact, protection during contact, to handling after accidental contact.

　　接触前的风险预判与防护准备是第一道防线。精萘在常温下易升华，产生的蒸气或粉尘可通过皮肤黏膜被吸收，因此需提前了解作业环境中精萘的存在形态 —— 是固态粉末、熔融状态还是蒸气形式。针对不同形态选择适配的防护装备：接触固态粉末或颗粒时，应穿着致密的长袖工作服，袖口和裤脚需收紧（可使用弹性束带），避免粉尘从缝隙渗入；接触熔融态精萘时，衣物材质需具备一定耐热性，防止高温液体溅落导致衣物破损。同时，选择贴合手部的耐化学性手套（如丁腈橡胶材质），确保手套无破损且覆盖至手腕以上，必要时佩戴护腕或袖套增强防护。此外，作业前需检查防护装备的完整性，清除皮肤表面的油脂和汗液（可使用中性肥皂清洁），减少精萘附着的可能性。

　　Risk prediction and protection preparation before contact are the first line of defense. Naphthalene is prone to sublimation at room temperature, and the resulting vapor or dust can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes. Therefore, it is necessary to understand in advance the form of naphthalene in the working environment - whether it is in solid powder, molten state, or vapor form. Choose appropriate protective equipment for different forms: When in contact with solid powders or particles, wear dense long sleeved work clothes, with tight cuffs and cuffs (elastic straps can be used) to prevent dust from seeping into the gaps; When in contact with molten naphthalene, the clothing material needs to have a certain degree of heat resistance to prevent high-temperature liquids from splashing and causing clothing damage. At the same time, choose chemical resistant gloves that fit the hands (such as nitrile rubber material), ensuring that the gloves are not damaged and cover above the wrist. If necessary, wear wrist guards or sleeves to enhance protection. In addition, it is necessary to check the integrity of protective equipment before starting work, remove oil and sweat from the skin surface (which can be cleaned with neutral soap), and reduce the possibility of naphthalene adhesion.

　　接触过程中的实时防护与操作规范能降低暴露风险。作业时应避免徒手直接接触精萘，搬运或处理时需借助专用工具（如铲、勺、镊子等），减少皮肤与物料的直接接触面积。若需在通风不良的环境中作业，需配合使用局部排风装置，降低空气中精萘蒸气浓度，同时保持作业区域整洁，及时清理散落的精萘粉末，避免因衣物、工具二次沾染而扩大接触范围。操作过程中严禁用手触碰面部、眼睛或口鼻，防止手上残留的精萘刺激黏膜组织。对于长期接触精萘的场景，应制定轮岗制度，缩短单次接触时间，让皮肤有足够的恢复周期，减少累积性损伤。

　　Real time protection and operational standards during contact can reduce exposure risks. During homework, direct contact with naphthalene should be avoided with bare hands. Special tools (such as shovels, spoons, tweezers, etc.) should be used for handling or handling to reduce the direct contact area between skin and materials. If it is necessary to work in a poorly ventilated environment, local exhaust devices should be used in conjunction to reduce the concentration of naphthalene vapor in the air, while keeping the work area clean and promptly cleaning up scattered naphthalene powder to avoid expanding the contact range due to secondary contamination of clothing and tools. During the operation, it is strictly prohibited to touch the face, eyes, mouth, or nose with hands to prevent residual naphthalene on the hands from stimulating mucosal tissue. For scenarios involving long-term exposure to naphthalene, a rotation system should be established to shorten the duration of single exposure, allowing sufficient recovery time for the skin and reducing cumulative damage.

　　意外接触后的科学处理与后续护理可减轻伤害程度。一旦精萘接触皮肤，需立即脱离接触环境，用大量流动清水冲洗接触部位，冲洗时间不少于 15 分钟（若为粉末接触，应先轻轻拂去残留粉末再冲洗，避免摩擦导致皮肤破损）。冲洗时需注意清除指甲缝、皮肤褶皱等隐蔽部位的残留物，水温以接近体温为宜（避免过冷或过热刺激皮肤）。若接触部位出现红肿、瘙痒，可涂抹无刺激性的保湿修复霜，缓解皮肤干燥；若出现水疱、灼伤等严重症状，切勿自行挑破水疱，应立即用干净纱布轻轻覆盖伤口，及时就医处理。后续需观察皮肤状态，避免接触部位暴露在阳光下或接触刺激性物质（如洗涤剂、酒精等），直至完全恢复。

　　Scientific treatment and follow-up care after accidental contact can reduce the degree of injury. Once naphthalene comes into contact with the skin, it is necessary to immediately remove it from the contact environment and rinse the contact area with a large amount of flowing water for no less than 15 minutes (if it is powder contact, gently brush off residual powder before rinsing to avoid skin damage caused by friction). When rinsing, attention should be paid to removing residues from hidden areas such as nail crevices and skin folds. The water temperature should be close to body temperature (to avoid skin irritation caused by excessive cold or heat). If there is redness, swelling, or itching at the contact area, apply a non irritating moisturizing repair cream to relieve dry skin; If severe symptoms such as blisters or burns occur, do not attempt to puncture the blisters on your own. Immediately cover the wound with clean gauze and seek medical attention promptly. Subsequently, it is necessary to observe the skin condition and avoid exposing the contact area to sunlight or irritants (such as detergents, alcohol, etc.) until complete recovery is achieved.

　　精萘对皮肤的伤害具有累积性和潜伏性，防护工作需贯穿于接触的全过程。通过科学的防护准备、规范的操作行为以及及时的应急处理，能最大限度降低皮肤受腐蚀的风险，为涉萘作业人员的健康提供有效保障。

　　The damage of naphthalene to the skin is cumulative and latent, and protective measures need to be implemented throughout the entire process of contact. Through scientific protective preparation, standardized operational behavior, and timely emergency response, the risk of skin corrosion can be minimized to the greatest extent possible, providing effective protection for the health of personnel involved in naphthalene operations.

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